After a final order or judgment is entered, either party may ask that the court enforce the existing order/judgment or change it. To enforce an existing order, a motion for contempt and enforcement may be addressed. To ask for a change of the final judgment, a petition for modification must be filed.
Final judgments and orders are intended be exactly that: final. Therefore, the court does not make it easy for these orders/judgements to be altered. In order to change the agreement, you have to prove to the court that there has been a substantial change of circumstances that was not known, and could not have been anticipated, at the time of the entry of the final judgment. This is not always easy to do, especially as to it relates to time-sharing and parental responsibility.
Equitable distribution (i.e. division of property) cannot be modified. Once the court rules on the division of your assets and debts, it cannot be changed.
Alimony may be modifiable, depending on the terms of the agreement(s), the type of alimony awarded, and/or the substance of the order or final judgment.
Time-sharing and parental responsibility can be modified, but only when there has been a substantial change of circumstances.
Child support is always modifiable. Typically, any change in circumstances that would result in a change of more than $75 per month in support will be considered substantial, and, thus, subject to change or modification. Any change in child support will be modifiable retroactive to the date that you officially filed the petition for modification. Only in rare instances will the modification go back before the filing of the petition.
The court will stand behind its orders and judgments. If a party fails to abide by the orders of the court, he/she can be found in contempt and/or forced to abide by the terms of the order or judgment. To be found in contempt, a party’s non-compliance has to be willful. In other words, they need to intentionally not comply. For example, if they are not paying support, but they have the ability to do so, then the court can find them in contempt.
If a party is found in contempt, they can be forced to come into compliance with the order (otherwise known as enforcement), and they may also be ordered to pay fines, attorney fees, and court costs relating to bringing the motion for contempt. In some cases, the court can also put a person who has been found in contempt in jail for up to six(6) months.
In order to enforce a court order, a motion for contempt and enforcement must be made known. The court cannot enter an order of enforcement if it does not know that a person is not complying with the court’s orders and judgments. It is important that parties ensure the compliance with court orders and judgments by notifying a party of his/her non-compliance and coming to an agreement as to how they may become compliant, or by filing a motion to seek enforcement of the court’s orders and judgments.
Mary Zogg, formerly Mary Hoftiezer has a multidisciplinary background which helps to provide a unique experience for her clients. She has an undergraduate degree in psychology and a Masters in Business Administration in addition to her law degree. This allows her to provide her clients with a full vision of the financial, emotional, and legal aspects of their cases.
Mary’s degree in psychology has provided her with the ability to listen and understand the emotional impact of a divorce or paternity action. She works to understand how you feel and takes these feelings into account when putting together a strategy as to how to resolve your case.
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